【教师资格证-英语科三-高频考点】

（1）真实条件句，即条件满足，事实就发生的情况；

（2）非真实条件句，即与事实相反或难以实现的假设情况。表愿望，假设，猜测，建议。虚拟语气的基本句型，即是这种非真实条件状语从句。其具体形式如表中所示：

If I knew English, I would go abroad to further my study. If I had got up early, I would not have been late.

If I were to do it, I should do it at once.

2．介词或介词短语without/ thanks to/ but for +名词结构代替if 条件句表示的虚拟语气。

But for your help, I could sit here and prepare for my mid-term examination. Thanks to the man’s timely rescue, the child would have been drowned.

Without the sun and water, nothing would live.

3．wish +宾语从句：虚拟语气用于wish 之后的宾语从句中，常译为”但愿/ 要是...就好了

I wish I were as strong as you.

I wish I had not failed the chemistry examination. I wish I would become a pilot when I grow up.

注意：hope 与 wish 不同，后面接宾语从句一般表示真实情况，其愿望一般可以实现。

I hope it will be fine tomorrow.

4. it’s (high) time +从句

If I were with you now!

If only I had not been that silly! If only the rain would stop!

*此句型大多可与 wish 句型转换。如上面三句分别相当于：

I wish I were with you now.

I wish I had not been that silly. I wish the rain would stop.

7．suggest, require, order, etc. +宾语从句

在一些表示建议、愿望、要求、请求、劝告、意志、欲望、命令、安排、决定等的动词的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气。其形式是 should +动词原形。肯定句式中 should 可以省略，而仅用动词原形。这类动词有：ask, require, request, demand, pray, insist, desire, maintain, propose, suggest, move, urge, advise, recommend, command, order, arrange, decide 等。

She demanded (that) the paper (should) be rewritten.

I suggest (that) he (should) get there as soon as possible.

8．it is important, required, etc. +主语从句

在“it is +表示要求、建议、必要、命令等意思的形容词或分词+主语从句”的结构中, 要用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should 可省略。这类形容词和分词有：advised, advisable, better,desired, desirable, demanded, essential, important, natural, necessary, ordered, proposed, possible, probable, preferable, recommended, required, suggested, strange, urgent, strange, incredible 等；这个表语结构也可以是 it is a pity, it is a wonder, it is a shame 等。

It’s necessary (that) we (should) start to do the work right away. It’s urgent we (should) send for a doctor at once.

It is a pity that she (should) call black white.

9．用于表语从句或同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在一些表示愿望、建议、要求、命令等意义的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句后，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。这类名词有：advice, decision, idea, order, plan, proposal, recommendation, suggestion, opinion, requirement, direction, policy 等。

My opinion is that we (should) review their proposal right now. He made the request that the problem (should) be settled at once.

10．Lest/ for fear (that)/ in case 引导的状语从句

这类状语从句表示担心、忧虑，谓语动词用(should) +动词原形构成。

I’m telling you this lest you (should) doubt my sincerity.

Julia had to go on a diet for fear that she (should) lose her job as a model.

11. 其他虚拟语气句式

① had + expected/ hoped/ supposed, etc.表示希望、设想、预期而未实现的过去动作。

I had expected I would pass the driving test.

② 表示祝愿的话

May our longstanding friendship last forever!